Analysis of notification of congenital cardiovascular malformations in the Northeast compared to other geographicregions of Brazil: 1999 to 2023

https://doi.org/10.63923/smhs.2025.26

Abstract

Congenital malformation notifications of the circulatory system began in Brazil 25 years ago. Since then, the numbers have progressively increased each year, with occasional declines in specific periods. Despite advances in prenatal care for this group in Brazil, there is a significant disparity among the country's macro-regions, as evidenced by the difference in notifications between, for instance, the Northeast and South of Brazil. According to the results of this study, the Northeastern states report 0.85 cases per 10,000 inhabitants, whereas the Southern region reports 2.32 cases. Furthermore, although the Northeast is the second largest region in the country, it accounts for only 10% of all reported cases throughout this historical series, suggesting possible underreporting. This is a descriptive analysis aimed at discussing the notifications of congenital circulatory system malformations in Northeastern Brazil over a 30-year period. The discrepancy reinforces the need to strengthen notification strategies and to expand the implementation of the "Heart Screening Test" to improve early detection and prognosis for affected patients.

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